System of electric despatch.



K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH.

APPLICATION FILE'D same, 1910.

1,150,902. Patented Aug. 24,1915.

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N INVENTOR ;s$.'ZZ/w;n BY M Q!- ATTORNEY K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH.

1,1 50,902. APPL'CAW Patented Aug 24, 1915.

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ATTORNEY K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 9. 1910. 1,1 50,902. Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

QQQNKN INVENTDR am MQLGW WITNESSES 2 ATTORNEY K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT: 9, 1910.

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51112 22422 BY M 4 (32M Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

6 SHEETSSHEET 4.

ATTORNEY 1 COLUMBIA FLANOURAPH 60.. WASHINGTON. D. C.

K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH. APPLICATION FILED same. 1910.

Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

6 sHEET-sHEET 5.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH CIOUWASHINGTON, u. c

.K. E. STUART.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESP'ATCH.

APPLICATION FILED SEPT 9, 1910.

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KENNETH E. STUART, F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

SYSTEM OF ELECTRIC DESPATCH.

Specification of Letters Fatent.

Patented Aug. 24, 1915.

Application filed. September 9, 1910. Serial No. 581,208.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, KENNETH E. STUART, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful System of Electric Despatch, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to an electric system suitable for the despatch of mail, parcels, etc, and for other purposes, in which the traveling car carries no motorman; and my invention relates more especially to the system of control of the car.

My invention resides also in the system of car control wherein there is preferably employed a shunt wound direct current motor, the field of the motor being separately excited, and preferably at full voltage, to facilitate the control of the car, as during positive and negative acceleration, reversal, etc.

My invention resides in other features hereinafter described and claimed.

For an illustration of one of the forms my invention may take, reference is to be had to the accompanying; drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view, in side elevation, some parts in section, showing the collector shoes and rotary switch. Fig. 2 is an end elevational view of the same. Fig. 3 is an end elevation of the rotary switch. Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of the rotary switch showing details of construction. Fig. 5 is an end elevational view, parts in section, of the rotary switch with the rotating parts omitted. Fig. 6 is a plan view, some parts in section, of the rotary switch. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view of the electric connections within the car when it is running at full speed. Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic View of the electrical connections within the car and between it and the controller when the car is at or near a station. Fig. 9 is a similar diagrammatic view showing the electrical connections for bringing the .car to rest. Fig. 10 is a similar diagrammatic view showing the electrical connections when the car is reversed. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the electrical connections between the track and controllers and generators at such a station.

The motor M, shown diagrammatically in Figs. 7, at 860., is mounted upon the car and drives the wheels W through the-pinion G meshing with the gear G upon the driving axle A, the wheels WV running upon the track rails, R one or both of which may be sponding collector shoes C on the car.

electrically connected to one terminal of the source of energy.

C represents a portion of the frame of the car to which electrical connection is made whereby electrical communication is afforded through the journal J and thence through the axles and wheels to the rail or rails R The current is supplied to the motor by means of an insulated conductor rail T, through the collector shoe C the return being through the running rail R The car circuits in ordinary running between stations are shown diagrammatically in Fig. 7, the course of the current being from C through the brush B armature A brush B channel C, journal J, and wheel W to the rail B In this diagram the field winding F is shown connected in shunt with the armature through the rotary switches S". 111 stations and places where the car is to run at reduced speed or be otherwise controlled, however, it is necessary that the field should be separately excited, in order that it may be kept at full strength while the voltage in the armature is reduced, or reversed relatively to the armature circuit. For this purpose I provide in such places an extra pair of conductor rails T with corre- In ordinary running between stations the collector shoes C are cut out of the field circuit and hang down as in Fig. 7. At the approaches to the stations, however, they come into contact with the sloping ends of the field conductor rails T and are gradually raised to the position in which they appear in Figs. 8 to 10. At the same time, by means of mechanical connections between the collector shoes C and the corresponding rotary switches S the latter are set in the position shown in Figs. 8 to 10. In this position it will be seen that the field of the motor is no longer connected in shunt with the armature, but to the two field conductor rails.

The details of construction of the rotary switches S are shown in Figs. a to 6. It will be seen that there are three contact segments S S and S mounted upon a slate insulating disk D. Two contact shoes C are pivoted at P upon opposite sides of the ring R and bear upon the segments. The ring It is insulated from the spindle S by which it is rotated through the pivots P The spring S presses the contact shoes against the contact segments. In one position a connection is formed through the ring R between the segment S and the segment S and in the other position between the segment S and the segment S.

The object of the pivoted mounting of the ring It and shoes C is to insure good electrical contact between them and the segments.

The rotary switches S are rotated through the gears G G Figs. 1, 2 and 6, and shaft S by the pawl P which is depressed by the angle piece K attached to the slide S which carries at its lower extremity the collector shoe G The slide S is supported by the guide G and the guide G as well as the rotary switch S are mounted upon the wooden cross pieces Z. The spring S tends to keep the shoes in the position in which the pawl P is raised, but when the collector shoe 0 is unsupported its weight together with that of the slide S depresses the pawl and sets the switch in the alternative position.

In Figs. 1 and 2 the parts are shown in the position they occupy when the collector shoe C is supported upon its conductor rail T In Fig. 8 the connections between the generator and the car are shown when the car is under control within a station and moving ahead at reduced speed. The main positive and negative leads from the generator are indicated at 1 and 4:0, respectively. C is a controller having the contacts V to V bridged as indicated. In this case the field circuit is from positive conductor 1 through V V, the field circuit as heretofore described, V and V to negative conductor 40. The field is thus receiving the full voltage of the generator. The armature circuit, however, is from positive conductor 1 through the resistance R V V and the armature circuit as heretofore described to negative'conductor 4:0. The reason for the extra contact V will be given later. The armature is thus receiving a voltage reduced by the fall of potential through the resistance R and the car consequently runs ahead at reduced speed.

In Fig. 9 are shown the connection where it is desired to brake the car and bring it to rest. Here the field connections are as in Fig. 8, but the armature instead of being connected to the generator is short circuited by means of the bridge from V to V through the resistance It. With the armature thus short-circuited if the field were not separately excited it would receive little or no current because of its high resistance compared with that of the armature circuit and the motor would be nearly inert. But with the field separately excited to full strength the motor becomes a short-circuited generator requiring a very large couple to rotate its armature, and consequently acts as a brake. The resistance R is interposed in order to prevent an excessive current in the armature and also to regulate the distance within which the car is brought to rest.

Fig. 10 shows the connections for reversing the direction of motion of the car. They are the same as in Fig. 8 except that the field circuit is reversed, being from positive conductor 1 through V, V the field circuit in the reverse direction, V and V to negative conductor 40.

Conductor cables may extend between the cars for the purpose of establishing a connection between the main conductor shoe C of the first car and the motors of the following cars, the main conductor shoes of the latter being raised out of contact with the conductor rail T, in order that the changes in the current incident to controlling the train may affect all the motors simultaneously.

Fig. 11 is a diagram of the electrical connections between the generator, controllers and the various sections of a track passing through such a station as that just described in one direction, including the approach, the

through and side tracks in the station and the adjacent outgoing sections. The track in the reverse direction, which has exactly similar connections, is omitted for the sake of simplicity. The main conductor rail is electrically interrupted at E E E E 5", E E E", E and E, the intervening sections having electrical connections differing fromone another, by which means the car is controlled. The field conductor rails begin at and end at E. The car enters the region included within the diagram at E" at full speed, is retarded from E to still further retarded from E to E brought to rest at E, passes from E to J at station speed, is accelerated from J to and somewhat beyond E" and passes E at full speed again. At E the car is receiving the full voltage of the generator and traveling at full speed, the connections to and within it being as in Fig. 7 already described. The connections from the generator G to this section are through 1, 2, 4c, 11 and 12. The return circuit is through the running rails g and 13, 22, 34, 39, and 40 to the generator From E 'to E thefield 01": the motor is excited, always at full strength, through the field conductor rails, the connections within the car being as in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, already described. The connection to the positive field conductor rail is through 1, 2, 4 and 15. The vnegative field conductor rail is connected through 14L and 13 to the running rail, which forms a connection with the generator as above described.

From E to E the armature of the motor is in communication with the generator only through the resistance R which is so calculated that the car would normally be driven through it at station speed. So long as the speed of the car exceeds the station speed, therefore, no current will flow through the armature and the car will be retarded by friction and gravity until it reaches the station speed, at which it will continue to run. There is no braking of the car and the difference between its kinetic energy at full speed and at station speed is expended in useful work, which in a system of this kind I consider preferable to braking, for reasons that will be given later. The connection to the main conductor rail of this section is through 1, 41, d7, 3, 5, and 16, the return circuit being as before.

The section from E to E is under the control" of the controller C and is normally short circuited as in the diagram, Fig. 11, the portion from E to E being short circuited through the resistance R and the remainder without resistance. The object in thus subdividing this section is that the car may be brought nearly but not quite to rest in the first portion and then stopped with great positiveness in the short second portion in order that there may be as little variation in its stationary position as possible. The field conductor rails are electrically interrupted at E and E to permit of reversing the current in them for the purpose of reversing direction of motion of the car. The running railslt are likewise electrically interrupted at these points for the reason that when the motor armature is short circuited the current flows through it and consequently through the conductor and running'rails in the reverse direction. The connection to the positive field conductor rail of this section is through 1, 2, 4, V V and 17 The negative field conductor rail is connected through 21, V V 39 and 40. The connection which short circuits the motor armature is fromthe main conductor rail T to the running rail R through 18, V 9 the regulating resistance R, 10., V and 20, which will be found to agree with the connections in Fig. 9, already described. The short circuiting connection for the second position is through 19, V 10, V and 20, which is the same as before, excepting that it is through a different contact in the controller and the resistance R is cut out.

When on the section between E and E the car is in plain view from the position of the controllers C and C it carries on its forward end an indicator (not illustrated) which shows whether or not it is to be opened at the station. The attendant (by means of a mechanism not shown) sets the track switch accordingly, 2'. 0., for the side track or through track, as the case may be, and then throws the controller G into the position shown in Fig. 8, which, it will be remembered, sends the car ahead at station 34; as before.

speed. In this diagram the conductors from both V and V are shown as connected to the main conductor rail T, but it must be understood that the former is connected on one side of E and the latter on the other side. By one movement of the controller, therefore, both portions of this section are given similar connections with the generator.

The car now enters upon the section E to J or through track, which, notwithstanding the crossovers, is rendered electrically con tinuous by the connectors 2.3, 2% to 26 and 25 to 2.7.. The side track, is electrically inter rupted at E and E and the portions adjacent to the junctions S and J 'are electrically connected to the through track by means of the connectors 28, 2.6 to 30' and 27 to 29; and 52, 53 to 55. and 54c to 56 respectively. The through track is permanently connected to the generator and'the car once on this section is no longer under control but continues to move at station speed until it passes off the section, either. at E or at J according as the track switch may have been set for the side track or through track. The connection from G to the positive field conductor rail of this section is through 1., 2 and 31. The negative field conductor rail is connected with the running rail through 33 and The connection to the main conductor rail is through 1, 41, 47, 3 and 32. If the car has been directed onto the side track after passing E it comes under control of the controller C which is similar to C excepting that as this section is not subdivided the contact V is unused. The connection from G to the positive conductor rail of this. section is through 1, 2, 6, V V and 35. The negative conductor rail is connected to G through 38, V V 39 and 40. The short'circuiting connection is from the main conductor rail at 36 through V 8, the regulating resistance R, V and 37. The field conductor and running rails are electrically interrupted at E and E for the same reason as at E and E After the car has been loaded or unloaded it is redespatched by turning the controller in to the position shown in Fig. 8, as before. It is sometimes convenient to be able to reverse the car when on this section and the section from E to E and send it back a few feet. .For this purpose the controller position shown in Fig. 10 and already described is provided. It will be observed that since the cars always stop at the entrance to the station, they can never cross the junctions between main and side tracks except at the will of the operator and no complicated mechanism to prevent collision at these points is necessary. After passing E the car is not under control again until it reaches the next station. Beyond J the field conductor rails are electrically continuous until they end at E. The connection to the positive field conductor rail of this section is through 1, 41, 48 and 50. The negative field conductor rail is connected to the running rail as before at 51. I

The car now passes over a series of sections at each of which portions of the resistance R are successively cut out until at E the resistance is all cut out and it is receiving the full voltage of the generator again and shortly afterward is traveling at full speed. At E the field connections change back to those shown in Fig. 7.

The connection to the section of the main conductor rail between J .and E is through 1, 41 to 4:6, and 49, the portion of the resistance R between d6 and 47 having been cut out. Between E and E it is through 1, ll to 45 and 57; and so on until beyond E it is through 1, 4:1, 48 and 61, the entire resistance having been cut out.

At the stations the tunnel, through which the cars may pass, is constructed as close to the surface as practicable. On each side of the station, however, it descends at a sharp gradient, for about 300 feet, for example, the ordinary depth being from 25 to 30 feet. By this means the aid of gravity is secured both to accelerate the car when leaving and to retard it whenapproaching the station. Moreover, in this way the kinetic energy of the car can generally be utilized to carry it up the approach to a station without undue loss of time, thus avoiding the waste of this energy which would result from stopping the car by braking. It is owing to this feature and the separate excitation of the field at the stations that the use of shunt wound motors becomes practicable. The great advantage of using shunt rather than series motorsin a system of this kind is that they run practically at constant speed under a wide range of loads, consequently the cars will not race down the grades and lightly loaded cars will not overhaul heavily loaded cars.

'When direct current is employed for the motive power for the cars in my system as hereinbefore described, it is preferred that the motors on the respective cars shall be shunt wound so that they shall be substantially constant speed motors, whereby the separate or independent cars or trains running upon the same track shall maintain a substantially constant distance between each other and avoid collisions. In any case, however, it is preferred that constant speed motors be employed. It is to be understood, however, that my invention is not limited to the employment of constant speed or shunt motors, except where specifically specified in the claims, for it is apparent that many features of my system and invention are useful irrespective of the type of motor employed.

Where .each car of a train is equipped .conductors as hereinbefore described, with the result that in a system employing control conductors near a station, as described, allthe motors will besimultaneously and similarly affected and prevent jarring or .Jolting between the cars of the train which would otherwise occur if the cars were to come under the control of a station operator in succession. i

What I claim is: o 1'. In an electric despatch system, track rails, a car movable thereon, an electric motor upon said car, supply conductors extending along said track rails for supplying'current to said motor,-motor field contact conductors extending along said track rails, the field of said motor being connected to themotor armature when said car is beyond said motor field contact conductors, and au-. tomatic means operative when said car reaches said field contact conductors for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature and bringing the motor field into communication with said field contact conductors.

2. In an electric despatch system, a car, an electric'motor thereon, motor field contact conductors extending part-way along the trackway-near a station, independent armature contact conductors extending along the trackway, means on the car for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, and'a switch at a station for connecting said armature contact conductors together.

3..In an electric despatch system, acar, anelectric motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending valong the path of travel of said car and insulated from said rails, said motor field separately excited, and means at a station for short circuitin'g the motor armature while the field is separately excited, whereby said. car is braked.

4.-In an electric despatch system, a ,car, an electric motor thereon, rails onwhich said car travels, a source of energy, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated from said rails, said motor field being separately excited, and a controller at a station fordisconnecting said armature from said source of energy and for short circuiting said armature while said motor field is separately excited, whereby said car is braked.

5. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main conductors, a discon tinuous motor field conductor, a field conductor shoe engaging the same, switching mechanism operated by said field conductor shoe when it comes into engagement With said field conductor, said switching mechanism when operated disconnecting the motor field from the main conductors and connecting it to the field conductor.

6. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, rails on Which said car travels, a source of energy, a field conductor energized at substantially constant voltage and extending along the path of travel of said car for separately exciting the motor field at substantially constant strength, a motor armature supply conductor extending along the path of travel of said car, said field and armature conductors insulated from said rails, an insulated section of said motor armature supply conductor connected to said source of energy through a resistance, said motor armature deriving current from said source of energy through said resistance, whereby the speed of the car is reduced as it reaches said section of said motor armature supply conductor.

7. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main conductors, a motor field contact conductor adjacent to a station only, and a controller at a station, the current supplied to said main and field conductors passing through said controller.

8. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main conductors, a motor field contact conductor adjacent to a station only, a controller at a station, said main and field conductors receiving current through said controller, and means in said controller for causing the motor field to be excited at full voltage and for causing a reduced voltage upon said main conductors.

9. In an electric despatch system, a car, a source of energy, a motor on said car, the line provided with a pair of main conductors and a field conductor, the motor field excited from said field conductor, a controller at a station, said main and field conductors receiving current through said controller, and means in said controller for causing full voltage to be impressed upon said motor field and for simultaneously disconnecting said main conductors from said source of energy and connecting them to each other.

10. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main contact conductors extending permanently along the trackway, a generator supplying current to said conductors, means at a station for disconnecting said main conductors from said generator and for connecting them to each other, and means for separately exciting the field of said motor While said main conductors are connected together.

11. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main contact conductors extending permanently along the trackway,

a generator supplying current to said conductors, a resistance, means at a station for disconnecting said main conductors from said generator and for connecting them to each other through said resistance, and means for separately exciting the field of said motor While said main conductors are connected through said resistance.

12. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, the line provided with a pair of main conductors, a controller at a station, said main conductors receiving current through said controller, one of said conductors being subdivided, and means in said controller for connecting one part of said subdivided conductor to the other conductor through. a resistance and simultaneously connecting another part of said conductor to the other main conductor Without a resistance.

13. In an electric despatch system, a car, an electric motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, a motor armature contact conductor insulated from said rails and ex tending along the path of travel of said car, means for dividing a running rail and said contact conductor into sections, and conductors of different resistance values connected with said rail and conductor sections, said resistance conductors serving in dependently of each other as short-circuit loads for said motor armature When said car reaches said sections, whereby said car is braked.

14. In an electric despatch system, a car, an electric motor thereon, rails on Which said car travels, a motor armature contact conductor insulated from said rails and extending along the path of travel of said car, means for dividing a running rail and said contact conductor into sections, conductors of different resistance values connected With said rail and conductor sections, said resistance conductors serving independently of each other as short-circuit loads for said motor armature When said car reaches said sections, whereby said car is braked, and means for separately exciting the motor field.

15. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, independent armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, means dividing an armature contact conductor into sections, neighboring sections forming control and ac celerating sections, a controller external to said car controlling said motor when said car is on said control section, and means for delivering current to said motor through said accelerating section independently of said controller.

16. In an electric despa-tch system, a car, a motor thereon, main contact conductors divided into sections, a motorfield contact conductor energized at substantially constant voltage for separately exciting the motor field at substantially constant strength, and resistances permanently in the circuit of sections of said main conductors adjacent to a station.

17. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main contact conductors divided into sections, a motor field contact con- 'ductor energized at substantially constant voltage, and means permanently connected with said main conductor sectionsadjacent to a station for progressively changing the speed of a car, the field of said motor excited at substantially constant strength from said motor field contact conductor.

18. In an electric despatch system, a car, a motor thereon, main contact conductors divided into sections, a motor field control conductor adjacent to a station, said field control conductor energized at substantially constant voltage, and means permanently connected with said main conductor sections adjacent to a station for progressively changing the speed of a car, the field of said motor excited at substantially constant strength from said motor field control conductor.

19. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, means for insulating said armature and field contact conductors from each other and from said rails, means dividing the armature contact conductors into independent sections, conductors of difierent resistance values in circuit with said independ ent sections, and means for short circuiting said motor armature through said independent sections While the motor field is separately excited.

20. In an electric despatch system,'a traveling car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, means for insulating said armature and field contact conductors from each other and from said rails, means dividing the armature contact conductors into independent sections, conductors of difierent resistance values in circuit with said independent sections, and a controller at a station for short circuiting the motor armature through said independent sections while the motor field is separately excited.

21. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, a source of energy, motor armature and motor field contact conductors insulated from each other and extending along the tact conductor divided into independent sections, and graduated resistances, said independent sections receiving current from said source of energy through said graduated resistances, said motor field separately excited at substantially constant strength from a motor field contact conductor.

22. In an electric despatch system, a travelingcar, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact and motor field contact conductors extending permanently along the trackway, and a controller at a station, the

current supplied to said main and field conductors passing through different contacts station, a track switch for controlling traffic over either of said tracks, a. traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, a track section immediately in front of said switch, sectional contact conductors extending along said track section, a controller at said station cooperating with said contact conductors for bringing said car to rest in said track section, said controller in another of its positions cooperating with said cons tact conductors for energizing said motor to move said car past said switch after said car has been brought to rest in said track section, and a second controller at said station controlling said car after it has passed said switch.

25. In an electric despatch system, a car and an electric motor thereon for driving the same, a pair of adjacent contact conductors in communication with said motor for controlling the same, each of said contact conductors divided into several sections insulated from each other, means for short circuiting the armature of said motor through the contact conductors of a section, and means for exciting the field of said motor at substantiallv full strength while said motor armature is short circuited.

26. In an electric despatch system, a pair of adjacent contact conductors each divided into sections and insulated from each other, a traveling car deriving energy from said contact conductors, an electric motor on said car for driving the same, means for short circuiting the armature of said. motor through one or more sections of said pair of adjacent contact conductors, and means for exciting the field of said motor at substantially full strength While said motor armature is short circuited.

27. In an electric despatch system, a. traveling car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on Which said car travels, a main contact conductor, motor field contact conductors insulated from said rails, said main and motor field conductors insulated from each other, and means for short circuiting the motor armature through said main contact conductors While the motor field is separately excited.

28. In an electric despatch system, the combination With movable car, of a shunt Wound motor upon said car for driving the same, contact conductors controlling the motor armature, contact conductors supplying energy for separately exciting the motor field, and means for short circuiting said motor armature through its contact conductors, said armature and field contact conductors insulated from each other.

'29. In an electric despatch system, a station, running rails leading thereto, a car traveling over said rails, an electric motor on said car for driving the same a motor supply contact conductor extending along said rails between stations and insulated from said rails, said contact conductor and a running rail divided into sections insulated from each other near said station, and a controller at said station for bringing said car to rest when said motor is in communication with the insulated sections of said rail and conductor near said station.

30. In an electric despatch system, the combination With a station and the track Way leading thereto, of a car movable over said trackway, an electric motor on said car for driving the same, a contact conductor extending along said trackway, a controller at said station, said controller in one position short circuiting the armature of said motor through said contact conductor for bringing said car to rest at said station, another contact conduc'tor for separately exciting the field of said motor While its armature is short circuited, said controller having another position for delivering current to said motor for moving the car after having been brought to rest by motor braking, said contact conductors insulated from each other and from said trackway.

31. In an electric despatch system, the combination with a station and a trac-kway leading thereto, of a car adapted to move over said trackvvay, an electric motor on said car for driving the same, a sectioned motor armature contact conductor extending along said trackw ay, a motor field contact conductor extending along said trackway, a controller for electrically braking said motor through a section of said armature contact conductor While the motor field is separately excited, a source of energy and a circuit controlled by said controller for putting said source of energy into communication With said armature and field contact conductors for moving said car after having been motor braked.

32. In a system of the character described, the combination With a car, of an electric motor thereon for driving the same, an armature contact conduotor, switch. mechanism on said car for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, a member disposed in the path oi travel of said car for causing actuation oi said switch mechanism when said car passes said member, motor field contact conductors, and a controller external to said car controlling the field of said motor through said field contact conductors.

33. In a system of the character described, the combination With a car, of an electric motor thereon for driving the same, switch mechanism on said car for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, a member on said car disconnected from but adapted to actuate said switch mechanism, and a second member disposed in the path of travel of said car adapted to be engaged by said first mentioned member to actuate said switch mechanism.

34. In a system of the character described, the combination With a car, of an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, switch mechanism on said car for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying current to said motor, and motor field contact conductors insulated from said rails and extending along a portion of the path of travel of said car, the motor field being brought into communication With said field contact conductors when said switch mechanism is actuated.

35. In a system of the character described, the combination With car, of an electric motor thereon for d i the same, switch mechanism on said car i disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, a motor field contact conductor extending along the path of travel of said car, a contact shoe carried by said car adapted to en gage said conductor to actuate said switch mechanism and bring said motor field into communication With said motor field conductor.

36. In a system of the character described,- the combination With a car, of an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, switch mechanism on said car for disconnecting the motor field from the motor armature, main supply confee ductors extending along the path of travel of said car, a motor field contact conductor insulated from said rails and extending along a portion of the path of travel of said car, and a member near the end of said field contact conductor for actuating said switch mechanism to bring the motor armature into communication with said main conductors and the motor field into communication with said field contact conductor.

37 In a system of the character described, a car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, said conductors divided into insulated sections near a station, motor field contact conductors insulated from said rails near said station, said motor field separately excited from said field contact conductors, means on said car for placing the motor field into communication with said field conductors and for placing the motor armature into communication with said main conductors, and means for progressively changing the speed of said motor as said car passes over successive sections of said main conductors.

88. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated from said rails, said motor field separately excited, said armature contact conductors divided into independent sections, a controller at a station, and means in said controller for connecting said armature through a resistance associated with one of said sections and when said car reaches another of said sections short circuiting said armature without a resistance, said motor field separately excited while said motor armature is in communication with said independent sections.

39'. In a system of the character described, a car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, said conductors divided into insulated sections near a station, motor field contact conductors near said station, means on said car for placing the motor field into communication with said field conductors and for placing the motor armature into communication with said main conductors, means for progressively changing the speed of said motor as said car passes over successive sections of said main conductors, said field contact conductors each being divided into sections near said station, said sections of said conductors insulated from each other, and a switch at said station for reversing the current in said field contact conductors.

40. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors divided into sections and extending along the trackway for delivering energy to said motor, a motor field contact conductor energized at substantially constant voltage for separately exciting the motor field at substantially constant strength, means connected with the sections of said main contact conductor whereby said sections serve to impress different voltages upon the motor armature, the motors on the different cars or trains passing over said main contact sections being constant speed motors, whereby the cars or trains maintain their spacing.

41. In a system or" the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors, and a controller at a station controlling said armature through said armature and field contact conductors.

42. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field conductors, and a controller at said station for motor braking said car.

48. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field conductors, and a controller for short ircuiting said armature.

44:. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along'the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors intervening between said main contact conductors and a station,

means for connecting the armature termi-. nals and the field terminals to. said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors, and a controller at said station in successive positions short circuiting said armature through progressively smaller resistances.

45. In a system of the. character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, railsv on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to. said motor, armature and field cont-act conductors insulated from said rails. intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means. for Connecting the ar mature terminals and the field terminals. to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said are mature and field contact conductors, and a controller at said station for progressively reducing the voltage upon said armature.

d6. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path oi travel of said car for supplying energy tov said motor, armature and field contact con. ductors insulated from said rails, intervening betweensaid main contact conductors and a station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors, and a controller at said station for progressively reducing the voltage impressed upon said armature, and short circuiting said armature.

47. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors intervening between said main contact conductors and a Station, means for connecting the armature termi+ nals and the field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors, 2 1 1 a controller at said station for progressively reducing the voltage upon said armature, short circniting said armature, and admitting current to said armature for restarting said motor.

as. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors. extending along the path of travel of said car for sup.- plying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors intervening between said main contact conductors and station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature. and field contact conductors, the path of travel of said car being branched at a station into station and other branches, a track switch controlling said branches, and control mechanism at a station for bringing said car to rest before reaching said switch, and for thereafter energizing said motor to move said car to any of said branches.

49. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of; travel of said car for supplying energy to. said motor, armature and field contact. conductors. intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means. for connecting the armature terminals and the field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car rei Ches. said armature and field contact conductors, the path of travel of said car being branched at a station, into station and other branches, a track switch controlling said branches, and control mechanism at a station for bringing said car to rest before reaching said switch, for thereafter energizing said motor to move said car to any of said branches, and for thereafter energizing said motor to move said car from any of said branches to the path of travel of said car beyond said station.

5O. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors divided into sections and extending along the trackway for delivering energy to said motor, a motor field contact conductor energized at substantially constant voltage for separately exciting the motor field at substantially constant strength, means connected with said sections of said main contact conductor whereby said sections serve to impress different voltages upon the motor armature, th motors on the difierent cars or trains after passing over said main contact sections becoming shunt motors, whereby the cars or trains maintain hei spaci g- 51. In a system of the character described, a car, a direct current shunt motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors intervening between said main contact conductors and a station, means for connecting the armature terminals and the shunt field terminals to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact con ductors, and a controller at a station con trolling said motor through said armature and field contact conductors.

52. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same,

rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails and displacing said main contact conductors along a portion of the travel of said car, and switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively.

53. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails and displacing said main contact conductors along a portion of the travel of said car, and automatic switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors.

54. Ina system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors displacing said main contact conductors along a portion of the travel of said car, switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively, and a controller at a station controlling said motorv through said armature and field contact conductors.

55. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails and displacing said main contact conductors along a portion of the travel of said oar, switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively, and a controller at a station controlling the motor armature through said armature contact conductors.

56. In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for dliving the same,

, main contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field contact conductors displacing said main contact conductors along a portion of the travel of said car, switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively, and a controller at a station controlling said motor field through said field contact conductors.

57 In a system of the character described, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same, main contact conductors'extending along the path of travel of said car for supplying energy to said motor, armature and field con tact conductors displacing said main contact conductors along 'a portion of the travel of said car, automatic switching mechanism on said car for connecting the motor armature and field to said armature and field contact conductors respectively when said car reaches said armature and field contact conductors, and a controller at a station controlling said motor through said armature a'nd field contact conductors.

' 58. In a system of the character described, a car, rails on which said car travels, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car independently of said rails and adapted to communicate with said motor, a controller at a station, automatic means for transferring said motor to the control of said station controller when said car reaches a predetermined point, said controller short corcuiting the motor armature while the motor field is separately excited from the motor field contact conductor.

V 59. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated from said rails, said armature conductors divided into independent sections including conductors of different resistance values, and means for short circuiting the motor armature through said sections while the motor field is separately excited.

' 60. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a .motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated from said rails, said armature conductors divided into independent sect-ions including conductors of different resistance values, and a, controller at a station for short circuiting said motor armature through said independent sections while said motor field is separately excited. I

61. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, a motor armature and two motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, such field contact con ductors energized at substantially constant voltage, said motor field separately excited at substantially constant strength from a motor, field contact conductor, said motor armature contact conductors divided into a plurality of independent sections adjacent to a station, and means for impressing voltages of difierent magnitudes upon said independent sections, whereby different voltages are impressed upon said motor armature as said car proceeds.

62. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, an electric motor on said car for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, a contact conductor extending permanently along the trackway and delivering energy to said motor, said contact conductor having an independent section, and means for short circuiting the armature of said motor through said independent section of contact conductor, and means insulated from said rails for separately exciting the field of said motor while its armature is short circuited.

63. In an electric despatch system,a traveling car, an electric motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors insulated from each other and said rails, and means for short circuiting said motor armature through a motor armature contact conductor While said motor field is separately excited.

64. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon for driving the same, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors insulated from each other and said rails and extending permanently along the trackway, and means for short circuiting said motor armature through a motor armature contact conductor while said motor field is separately excited.

65. In an electric despatch system, a traveling car, a motor thereon, motor armature and motor field contact conductors insulated from each other and extending along the path of travel of said car, said motor field separately excited from the motor field contact conductor, said armature contact conductor divided into a plurality of sections insulated from each other, means for impressing normal voltage upon a section of said armature contact conductor, means impressing less voltage upon a succeeding section-of armature contact conductor for reducing the motor speed, means associated with another of said sections for electrodynamically braking said motor, a controller associated with said last named section for re'e'nergizing said motor, and succeeding sections of said armature contact conductor sections having progressively increasing voltages impressed thereon for automatically accelerating said motor.

66. In an electric despatch system, the combination With a car, of a motor thereon for driving the same, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections extending along the path of travel of said car, a source of current means permanently electrically conected with a section of armature contact conductor and said source of current for reducing the speed of said motor as said car arrives on said section, and a controller external to said car controlling a succeeding section of said armature contact conductor for establishing an armature circuit independently of said source of energy for braking said motor.

67. In an electric despatch system, the combination with through and side tracks, of a car adapted to move thereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature contact conductors divided into sections extending along said through and side tracks, means permanently electrically connected with sections of said motor armature conductors for reducing the speed oi said motor as said car approaches the junction of said through and side tracks, a con troller at a station controlling other sections of motor armature contact conductors for braking said motor, and a circuit controlled by said controller for again energizing said motor to advance said car past said junction between said through and side tracks.

68. In an electric despatch system, the combination with through and side tracks, of a car adapted to move thereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature contact conductors divided into sections extending along said through. and side tracks, means permanently electrically connected with sections of said motor armature conductors for reducing the speed of said motor as said car approaches the junction of said through and side tracks, a controller at a station controlling other sections of motor armature contact conductors for braking said motor, and a second controller at said station controlling said motor armature contact conductor associated with said side track.

69. In an electric despatch system, the combination with through and side tracks of a car adapted to move tl'iereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature contact conductors divided into sections extending along said through and side tracks, means permanently electrically connccted with sections of said motor armature conductors for reducing the speed of said motor as said car approaches the junction of said through and side tracks, a controller at a station controlling other sections of motor armature contact conductors for b aking said motor, a circuit controlled by said controller for again energizing said motor to advance said car past said junction between said through and side tracks, and a second controller at said station controlling said motor armature contact conductor associated with said side track.

70. In an electric railway system, a car, an electric motor thereon, running rails for said car, motor armature and motor-field contact conductors extending along the path 3 of travel of said car and insulated from each said car, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated Irom each other and from said running rails, the field of said motor excited from a motor field contact conductor, one terminal of the armature'of said motor connected with said running rails and the other terminal of said armature connected with a motor armature contact conductor, and switching means external to said car for bringing said motor armature into a braking circuit including said running rails and said armature contact conductor, whereby said car is braked.

72. In an electric railway system, a car, running rails therefor, an electric motor thereon, a motor armature contact conductor extending along the path of travel of said car, means dividing said armature contact conductor and a running rail into sections,

and braking circuits of different resistances having branches connected to difierent sections of said rail and armature contact conductors.

73'. In an electric railway system, a car, running rails therefor, an electric motor thereon, a motor armature contact conductor extending along the path of travel of said car, means dividing said armaturecontact conductor and a running rail into sections, braking circuits of difierent resistances having branches connected to different sections of said rail and armaturecontact conductor, and means for separately exciting the motor field.

74. In an electric railway system, a car, an electric motor thereon, running rails for said car, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car and insulated from each other and from said running rails, the motor field excited from a motor field contact conductor, means dividing an armature contact conductor into sections, a terminal of said armature connected with said running rails and the other terminal of said armature connected in succession with said sections of armature contact conductor, and conductors of difi'erent resistance values having a com- I mon terminal in said running rails and their other terminals in said sections of ararmature connected with said running rails and the other terminal of said armature connected in succession with said sections of armature contact conductor, conductors of different resistance values having a common terminal in said running rails and their other terminals in said sections of armature contact conductor, and means external to said car controlling the closure of circuit of said armature through said conductors while said motor field is excited.

76. In an electric railway system, a traveling car, a motor thereon, armature and field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, an armature contact conductor divided into sections, a braking resistance connected to one of said sections, and'means external to said car for reversing said motor through said contact conductors and for braking said motor through said resistance.

77. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, armature and field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, an armature contact conductor divided into sections, an armature braking circuit including one of said sections, and a controller externalto said car for reversing the field of said motor and closing said braking circuit.

7 8. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, armature andfield contact conductors extending along the path I of travel of said car, and a controller external to'said car, said controller in difi'er'ent positions braking and reversing said motor.

79. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails and extending along the path of travel of said car, and a' controller external to said car, said controller in different positions starting and braking said car.

,80. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, armature and field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, and a controller external to said car, said controller in different positions starting, reversing and braking said motor.

. v 81. In an electric railway system, the combination with main and side tracks, of a lOl) car adapted to move thereover, a motor on said car'for drivingthe same, motor armature and field contact conductors insulated from and extending along said main and side tracks, a motor armature contact 0011- ductor divided into sections, a section of said armature contact conductor in advance of theju'nctio'n of said main andside tracks, and a controller external to. said car for electro dynamically" braking said motor in advance t of said junction;

82. In anel'e'ctr-ic' railwaysystem, the combinationwith main and side tracks, of acar adapted to move thereover, a motor on said carfor driving. the same, motor armature and field contact conductors-extending along said mainandside tracks, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections, a section of said armaturecontact conductor in-adilanceoi the junction of said'main'and side tracks, and a' controller external to said car for braking" said motor in advance of saidjunction, said controller having another position for restarting-said car to move the same past said junction.

83. In an electric railway system, the combination with main and side'ti acks, of acar adapted to move th'e'rcover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field'contact' conductors extendingalong saidmain and side tracks, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections, a section of said armature contact conductor in advanceof the junction of said main and side tracks, a controller external to said car for braking said motor in advance of said junction, said controllcrhaving' another position for moving said car over said junction to said side track, and a second controller external to said car for controlling the same through said contact conductors while on said side track.

84. In an electric railway system, the com bination with main and side tracks, of a car adapted to move thereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field contact conductors extending along said main and side tracks, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections, a section of said armature contact conductor in advance of the junction of said main and side tracks, a controller external to said car for braking said motor in advance of said junction, said controller having another position for moving said car over said unction to said side track, and a second controller external to said car for controlling the same through said contact conductors while on said side track, said second controller having difierent positions for starting and re versing said car.

85. In an electric railway system, the combination with main and side tracks, of a car adapted to move thereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field cont/act conductors ext'ending along said main and side tracks, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections, a section of said armature contact conductor iii-advance of the junction of said main and side tracks, a controller external to said car for braking said motor in advance of saidjun'ction, said-controller having another position-for IDOVlIlgSfiild car over said junction'to said'sid'e track, and a secondcontroller external tosaid car for controllingthe same through said contact conductors while on said side track, saidsecond controller having diiierent' positions for starting and braking said" car.

86. In" an electric railway system, the combination with mainand side tracks, of a car adapted tomove thereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field contact conductors extending along said TiitlIl'iLIlCl side tracks, a motor armature cont-act conductor divided into sections, a section of said; armature contact conductor in advance of the junction of said main and side'tracks, a controller external to said car for braking said motor in advance of said junction, saidcontroller having another positionfor moving said car over said junction tcsaid side track, and asecond controller external to said car for controlling the same through said contact conductors while on said side'track, said second controller having different positions for reversing and braking said car;

871 In an electricrailivay system, the combination with main and side'tracks, of a car adapted toniovethereover, a motor on said car for driving the same, motor armature and field contact condiictors extendin' along said main and side tracks, a motor armature contact conductor divided into sections, a section of said armature contact conductor in advance of the junction of said main and side tracks, a controller external to said car for braking said motor in advance of said junction, said controller having another position for moving said car over said junction to said side track, and a second controller external to said car for controlling the same through said contact conductors while on said side track.

88. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, motor armature and field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, a source of current, a resistance, and a controller external to said car for reversing said motor and simultaneously bringing said resistance into circuit with the armature of said motor and said source of current.

89. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails extending along the path of travel of said car, resistance and a controller external to said car, said controller in one position bringing resistance into the circuit of said armature for starting the same and in another position bringing resistanceinto the circuit of said armature for braking the same.

90. In an electric railway system, a car, a

motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and motor field contact conductors insulated from said rails extend ing along the path of travel of said car, and resistances and a controller external to said car, a source of current, said controller in one position bringing one of said resistances and said source of current into the circuit of said armature for starting the same, and in another position bringing another of said resistances into the circuit of said armature for braking the same.

91. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, motor armature and motor field contact conductors extending along the path of travel of said car, and resistances and a controller external to said car, said controller in one position reversing said motor andbringing one of said resistances into the circuit of said armature, and in another position bringing another of said resistances into the circuit of said armature for braking the same.

92. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, rails on which said car travels, motor armature and field contact conductors insulated from said rails extending along the path of travel of said car, a source of energy, and a controller external to said car for dis-connecting said source of current from saidarmature and bringing said armature into a braking circuit.

93. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon, motor armature and field contact conductors extending along the path 7 of travel of said car, a source of energy, and a controller external to said car for dis-connecting said source of current from said.

armature and bringing said armature into a braking circuit, an armature contact con duotor divided into sections, whereby said i controller in difierent positions gives to said armature braking circuit different resistances.

94. In an electric railway system, a car, a motor thereon for driving the same having an armature and a field winding, independent contact conductors extending along the trackway and communicatingrespectively with said armature and field winding,

said station independently of said controller.-

In testimony whereof I have hereunto alfixed my signature in the presence of the two subscribing witnesses.

KENNETH E. STUART.

Witnesses:

ELEANOR T. MoCALL, ANNA E. STEINBOCK.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

